Answer: Fashion has changed depending on the state of the economy, new inventions in technology and even the social class people move in and out of.
Principles of Fashion:
There are 8 Principles of Fashion:
- Fashion Moves through Cycles
- Fashion is Evolutionary rather than Revolutionary
- Fashion Repeats itself
- Consumers choose/dictate styles by accepting or rejecting what is offered
- Fashions reflect lifestyles
- Fashion ends in Excess
- Fashion are NOT based on price
- Sales promotions can NOT Change the direction of Fashion
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Q. What are the principles of design?
Q. Explain Proportion, Balance, Unity, Rhythm and Emphasis.
Principles of Design:
The principles of design suggest how a designer can best arrange the various elements of a page layout in connection to the overall design and to each other. The important principles are:
- Proportion.
- Balance.
- Unity.
- Rhythm.
- Emphasis.
Proportion:
Proportion refers to the relative size and scale of the various elements in a design. The issue is the relationship between objects, or parts, of a whole. This means that it is necessary to discuss proportion in terms of the context or standard used to determine proportions. Proportion is the relationship of two or more elements in a design and how they compare with one another. Proportion is said to be harmonious when a correct or desirable relationship exists between the elements with respect to size, color, quantity, degree, or setting. Good proportion adds harmony, symmetry, or balance among the parts of a design.
Balance:
Balance in design is the distribution of elements across the design. Balance is a visual interpretation of gravity in the design. Large, dense elements appear to be heavier while smaller elements appear to be lighter. You can balance designs in three ways:
• Symmetrical balance: Symmetrical balance is achieved by placing elements in a very even fashion in the design.
• Asymmetrical balance: Asymmetrically balanced pages can be more challenging to design – as they don’t have elements matched across the centerline of the design Formal Balance: most often a design in Symmetrical Balance Informal Balance: most often a design in Asymmetrical Balance.
The white line in box 1 and 2 is symmetrically balanced while in boxes 3 and 4 the line is asymmetrically balanced.
Unity:
Unity is the relationship among the elements of a visual that helps all the elements function together. Unity gives a sense of oneness to a visual image. In other words, the words and the images work together to create meaning.
Unity creates an integrated image in which all the elements are working together to support the design as a whole. A unified design is greater than the sum of its parts; the design is seen as a whole first, before the individual elements are noticed . Unity can be compared to harmony, integrity or wholeness.
Unity helps organize a visual image, facilitating interpretation and understanding.
- With better unity, the organized visual is easier to understand.
- Unity can be achieved through the use of similar shapes.
- Unity can be achieved through the use of a common pattern.
- Unity can be achieved through the use of space.
- Unity can be achieved through the use of a common background.
Rhythm:
Rhythm in design is also called repetition. You can repeat a color, a shape, a pattern, or any other element, alone or in groups. Rhythm allows your designs to develop an internal consistency that makes it easier for your customers to understand. Once the brain recognizes the pattern in the rhythm it can relax and understand the whole design. Repetition rarely occurs on its own and so it imbues a sense of order onto the design. And because of this, repetition attracts attention and prompts customers to investigate further.
Emphasis:
Emphasis is a method used to attract attention in the design of a work of art is the use of a focal point. A focal point draws your attention to the most important element on the design. There are several techniques used to emphasize the most important object on a art work.
There are several ways to create a focal point:
1. Emphasis by Contrast
In realistic art the focal point is usually quite easy to spot. Larger figures, usually found in the foreground, provide a focal point.
Even in non-realistic art, it is usually easy to spot the focal point. If most of the figures are horizontal, a vertical element will stand out as a focal point.
If the rest of the elements are irregular, a geometric shape will stand out.
If most of the elements are dark, a splash of light color will catch the eye.
2. Emphasis by Isolation
If most of the elements in a work of art are grouped closely together, an object by itself stands out as a focal point.
3. Emphasis by Placement
An object placed in the center will often be perceived as a focal point. If all eyes in the painting look at one object, or if an object is placed at the center of the lines of perspective, that object will be perceived as the focus of the work.
